111101 - Facts - Chronology - Lebanese war

Lebanese war chronology - 1975

January 3, 1975 friday		South Lebanon was bombarded Israeli bombing made the inhabitants of South Lebanon go through dramatic moments. Six persons were killed, five were wounded, six villagers were kidnapped, and 13 houses were destroyed. The army and the Fedayin fought with the enemy. Twice, the Lebanese repelled incursion attempts.
January 6, 1975 monday		The army launched an attack in Tripoli The army succeeded, after a tense day of occasional shootings, to invest and control the old town of Tripoli where many outlaws have been hiding for the past 6 months. Two civilians died, 12 were wounded, and 75 persons were arrested.
January 7, 1975 tuesday		Teachers went on strike 25,000 private school teachers went on an open strike. The movement hit approximately 200,000 students. Strikers were claiming the amendment of their salary scale and of the teachers' dismissal law. Their actual minimum salary amounted for 250 Lebanese pounds.
January 11, 1975 satruday		Patriarch Meouchi died The 70th Maronite patriarch of Antioch and the Middle East died of a hart attack. He was 81 years old.
January 23, 1975 thursday		Dalida sang in Lebanon, at the Picadilly theatre. It was a triumph.
January 27, 1975 monday		After stormy debates and demonstrations, most schools reopened their doors.
January 30, 1975 thursday		15,000 persons demonstrated in Beirut to express their solidarity with South Lebanon, which had been regularly bombed by Israel.
February 3, 1975 monday		After a debate that lasted 15 days, the conclave chose unanimously a neutralist candidate. Mgr Antonios Khoreiche was the new Patriarch of Antioch and the Middle East.
February 5, 1975 wednesday		The Arab Defense Committee gathered in Cairo, voted 90 million dollars for the defense of Lebanon.
March 7, 1975 friday		Major events were reported in the town of Saida. The army clashed with demonstrators protesting in favor of fishermen. Maarouf Saad, former legislator, was hit by a bullet and died from his wounds. Saida was in fire and blood. Many dead and wounded persons were reported, on the civilian as well as on the military sides. Businesses and schools shut down. Many leaders accused the Prime Minister, Rachid El Solh, of being responsible for the recent events in Saida. Nevertheless, demonstrations supporting the army were organized in Beirut.
March 19, 1975 wednesday		Imam Moussa Sadr remained the spiritual leader of the Shiite community until he was 65 years old. The Imam was 48 years old. His mandate was extended unanimously by the General assembly of the Superior Shiite Council.
April 13, 1975 sunday		A serious incident opposed the Phalange (Kataeb) Party to the Resistance in Ain El Remmaneh causing 31 deaths. These people were on board of a bus bringing back from Tell El Zaatar members of Palestinian Organizations who had just participated in a Resistance meeting. Because of the incident, tension rose in the Palestinian camp and in many surrounding towns. Authorities and mediators were trying to calm the waters and ask the Phalange Party leader, Pierre Gemayel, to hand over those responsible of the incident to the Lebanese Justice.
April 15, 1975 tuesday		A cease-fire was reached After more than three days of anguish, with 120 deaths and many injuries, two suspects were handed over to the Justice. Beirut and its surroundings have been the theater of violent clashes between the Phalange Party and Palestinian militias. Also, Zghortiotes and Tripolitans fought in Tripoli. A cease-fire was declared at night and all parties reached an agreement, the execution of which was entrusted to the Internal Security Forces.
April 19, 1975 satruday		A huge fire in the Port destroyed 10,000 m2 of warehouses. An investigation was opened to determine whether it was arson or not.
May 16, 1975 friday		The Solh Cabinet resigned due to pressures against its members.
May 20, 1975 tuesday		Five people were killed and 24 were wounded in Dekwaneh Violent confrontations opposed Palestinians from the Tell El Zaatar camp and Phalange Party members. Businesses were closed in protest against the lack of security.
May 23, 1975 friday		Following the resignation of the Government of Rachid El Solh, Sleiman Frangieh, President of the Republic, put together a military government. The new government was headed by Noureddine Rifai, a retired Corporal, and included only one civilian, Lucien Dahdah. This Government was in charge of reestablishing the peace in the country caused by bloody clashes between the Phalange Party and the Resistance. These clashes were still going on in Beirut and its surroundings.
May 26, 1975 monday		The military Cabinet resigned Islamic and leftist leaders rejected this Cabinet. The Lebanese considered it as a challenge. Karameh presented his candidature to form a new Government, in a climate of terror imposed by militias. Lootings, killings, and kidnappings continued.
July 1, 1975 tuesday		Lebanon had a new Government The new Cabinet included the following 6 members Rachid Karameh - Prime Minister, Minster of Finance, National Defense, and Information. Camille Chamoun - Minister of Interior, Minister of Posts and Telecommunications, and Hydraulic and Electric Resources. Adel Osseirane - Minster of Justice, Public Works, Economy and Trade Magid Arslane : Minster of Health, Agriculture, and Housing and Cooperatives. Philippe Takla - Minister of Foreign Affairs, National Education, and Plan. Ghassan Tueni - Minister of Labor and Social Affairs, Tourism, and Industry and Oil. This government aimed, in a climate of daily fights and extreme tension, at dismantling barricades, taking away heavy armaments, suppressing defense positions, and reopening the roads.
July 7, 1975 monday		New coins equivalent to one Lebanese pound were issued
July 7, 1975 monday		An Israeli aggression against Rachidieh and Bourghoulieh camps in South Lebanon killed 12 persons and wounded 20 others. A Lebanese complaint was lodged at the United Nations.
August 5, 1975 tuesday		Israel launched air, land and sea attacks against Tyr, killing 18 persons and injuring 29.
August 26, 1975 tuesday		Kheir Traboulsi, the Lebanese weightlifter, vice-champion at the Munich Olympic Games, won 3 gold medals at the 7th Mediterranean games in Alger.
August 29, 1975 friday		After mortar and rocket exchanges in the streets of Zahleh made several victims, a partial curfew was imposed on the town.
August 31, 1975 sunday		Despite the latest events, Demis Roussos sang in Beirut and put some balm on the hearts of the Lebanese people.
September 7, 1975 sunday		Tripoli was in fire and blood Exceptionally violent fights opposed Tripolitans to Zghortiotes, causing fires, kidnappings and street fights.
September 10, 1975 wednesday		General Said, 52 years old, replaced General Ghanem at the head of the army.
September 19, 1975 friday		Beirut was the theater of numerous troubles - street fights, plastic bomb attacks, and fires were reported. The downtown, the heart of the old Beirut, was in fire too, and the heart of the Lebanese full of fear. At night, a cease-fire was announced.
September 21, 1975 sunday		Bread, flour, gas, and meat became scarce in Beirut while snipers spread terror.
September 30, 1975 tuesday		A Tupolev 154 belonging to the Hungarian company Malev exploded in the air at 10 kilometers from Beirut, killing 60 persons, 34 of which were Lebanese.
October 2, 1975 thursday		Rachid Karameh presided the meeting of the Ç National Committee for dialog È at the Serail. The committee decided that all armed elements will have to back up from their positions before the next day and will be replaced by Interior Security Forces.
October 4, 1975 satruday		Interior Security Forces held in check a land attack against the Beirut International Airport where 4 armed men tried to kidnap an airplane in order to go to Cairo.
October 21, 1975 tuesday		Kamal El Assad was reelected president of the Chamber by 47 votes against one. At the same time, Beirut was still under fire and the list of victims, whether kidnapped, executed, or shot by snipers or mortar shells, kept growing.
October 25, 1975 satruday		50 000 Lebanese demonstrated against violence in Lebanon, in response to the call launched by Cherif Akhaoui, the radio journalist famous for his security bulletins.
October 27, 1975 monday		The Murr tower was occupied by the Mourabitun, and the Holliday Inn-Phoenicia region was held by the Phalange Party.
November 2, 1975 sunday		Chuchu, the famous actor died from a hart attack. His real name was Hassan Alaeddine, the friend of younger and older kids was the most popular comedian on stage and on TV.
November 10, 1975 monday		An emissary of Pope Paul VI arrived to Beirut holding a papal message Cardinal Bertoli called all leaders to start working for the restoration of peace.
November 16, 1975 sunday		President Sleiman Frangieh and Prime Minister Rachid Karameh studied the political reform and the secularization of public service. The Prime Minister presented a plan to redress the economy and curb unemployment. He claimed religious equity in the parliamentary representation and a complete secularization of public service. The government decided to create a shock squad in charge of reestablishing security in the country.
November 26, 1975 wednesday		Kurt Waldheim, the Secretary General of the United Nations, visited Lebanon for a few hours. He declared that the Lebanese themselves held the solution to the Lebanese crisis.
December 1, 1975 monday		Israelis attacked villages in the South Israeli raids against Beddawi, Nahr El Bared, and Nabatyeh were more violent then ever. The attacks killed 111 persons and injured 140 others. Lebanon requested an urgent meeting of the Security Council, which met on December 5 and strongly condemned the raids against Lebanon.
December 6, 1975 satruday		The assassination of four young Phalangists on the Fanar road provoked horrible killings in the streets of Beirut. The capital was rapidly set ablaze. It was the apocalypse. Militias launched street fights resulting in tens of innocent victims. Violence was at its peek and nothing seemed to end this thirst for blood.
December 15, 1975 monday		After a week of dreadful combats, the first phases of the 18th cease-fire agreement were executed with the evacuation of the towers and big hotels in the capital.
December 22, 1975 monday		Thousands of armed elements attempted to invade Zahleh The army riposted and hundreds of shells, mortars and rockets, fell on the Town. Simultaneously, bloody fights were reported in Tripoli.

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