lebanese war
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1975/1990
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16 news for the 11th of January, February, July, September, November, December

with the books
January 11, 1975saturday
Patriarch Meouchi died
The 70th Maronite patriarch of Antioch and the Middle East died of a hart attack. He was 81 years old.

\_this day in full the books also date it 3 February 1975 \_on this day

July 11, 1976sunday
The National Union Front was created. Its founding members were Saeb Salam , Raymond Eddeh , Mikhael Daher , Rachid El Solh , Hassan Rifai , Albert Mansour, and Ali El Khalil

\_this day in full \_on this day

November 11, 1976thursday
For the second time in 6 months, the leader of the National Bloc, Raymond Eddeh, escaped from a killing attempt in front of his home.

\_this day in full \_on this day

\_what the books add

De Clerck and Malsagne report that Eddé went into exile in Paris after surviving three attempts on his life, one of them outside his home.

December 11, 1978monday
Dany Chamoun, a military leader of the NLP, was attacked on his way to the AUH, but escaped unharmed.

\_this day in full \_on this day

July 11, 1980friday
In order to reach an agreement with the Phalange Party, Camille Chamoun requested the restitution of the NLP's posts and armaments as well as the return to the Status Quo. Dany Chamoun visited President Sleiman Frangieh.

\_this day in full \_on this day

\_what the books add

Hanf: Dany Chamoun left politics, but his father Camille, badly shaken by the loss of his party's militia, put the Lebanese Front's political unity first and remained its chairman.

September 11, 1981friday
The Museum roadway was officially reopened after several days of shilly-shallying.

\_this day in full the books also date it 12 September 1981 \_on this day

\_what the books add

Ménargues sets the agreement at the Vigilance Committee meeting of 11 September, where Syria's Mohammad Ghanem came out for deploying the Lebanese Army from Sodeco to the port. The Museum crossing, almost completely shut for five months, reopened on 12 September.

July 11, 1982sunday
It was apocalypse in Beirut! The two sectors of the capital as well as the mountain were heavily bombed during 15 hours non-stop, killing 75 persons and injuring 180 others.

\_this day in full \_on this day

January 11, 1983tuesday
Bombs fell on Hadeth and Baabda. For the first time since the Israeli invasion in June 1982 and since the Multinational Force arrived in Beirut, the guns came closer to the capital as bombs fell on the suburbs of Hadeth, Baabda, Kfarchima and Bsaba killing 2 and injuring 9.

\_this day in full \_on this day

February 11, 1984saturday
French porpoises and Internal Security forces took in charge the Museum crossing point.

\_this day in full \_on this day

\_what the books add

'Porpoises' is a literal rendering of the French 'marsouins', the nickname of the French marine infantry (troupes de marine).

December 11, 1984tuesday
The dollar exceeded 9 Lebanese Pounds.

\_this day in full \_on this day

\_what the books add

De Clerck and Malsagne give 8.7 pounds to the dollar for 1984, without a month.

January 11, 1985friday
A bomb exploded in Mazraa in front of the Bank of Beirut and the Arab Countries, killing 3 persons and wounding 31 others.

\_this day in full \_on this day

December 11, 1985wednesday
A new security plan was executed in West Beirut. The army and the Internal Security Forces were controlling the public order, with the help of the Amal-PSP military police.

\_this day in full \_on this day

July 11, 1987saturday
Walid Joumblatt, Minister of Tourism and Leader of the Progressist Socialist Party, presides this evening, the opening ceremony of the Emir Amin's Palace. Closed down since the first years of the war, this edifice, that used to belong to the Intercontinental chain of hotels, resumes its vocation as a prestigious palace.

\_this day in full \_on this day

November 11, 1987wednesday
The explosion of a suitcase-bomb in Beirut Airport provokes panic amongst the travellers, kills 3 persons and wounds 65.

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February 11, 1990sunday
The Kesrouan was now at the center of the Aoun-Geagea conflict. Despite all mediations and attempts to maintain the precarious truce, belligerents were fighting on the new front of Daraya, separating the Metn and the Kesrouan.

\_this day in full the books also date it 10 February 1990 \_on this day

\_what the books add

Colonel Paul Fares declared himself head of a 'neutral army' on 10 February 1990, as a Lebanese Forces push on the army's Kleiat mountain position stalled (Hanf).

November 11, 1990sunday
Amal, the P.S.P., and the Hizbollah evacuated their militiamen from the capital. This evacuation was part of the 'Great Beirut' project, aiming at the reunification and disarmament of the capital. As for the Lebanese Forces, they had to leave Achrafieh on November 19 at the latest.

\_this day in full the books also date it 17 November 1990 \_on this day

\_what the books add

Hanf: the militias were ordered out of Beirut on 17 November 1990, as army units deployed across the capital under a security plan cleared in advance with Syria. Amal (to the south) and the PSP (to the Chouf) left at once, Hezbollah three days later. The Lebanese Forces first set conditions; their pull-out, opened by a military parade on 23 November, ended by 3 December.