16 news for October, December 1983
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De Clerck and Malsagne put more than 10,000 Christian refugees in Deir el-Qamar during its 102-day siege. Hunger killed 12 people in fragile health, and some diabetics died for want of insulin.
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At 6.20 am a truck bomb destroyed the Marine battalion headquarters near the airport; 20 seconds later a second blew up the Drakkar, the nine-storey base of the French paratroopers. Fisk and de Clerck and Malsagne give 241 American and 58 French dead; Picard has 239 and 56. Fisk notes these were France's first combat deaths since the Algerian war. De Clerck and Malsagne name Imad Mughniyeh as prime suspect; Fisk writes that the two drivers were never identified.
\_this day in full the books also date it 23 October 1983 \_on this day
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De Clerck and Malsagne note that no French president had visited Lebanon since independence before Mitterrand's trip.
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The conference sat from 31 October to 4 November (Picard has 1 to 8 November), with Syria's foreign minister Khaddam present and Prime Minister Wazzan kept out by a Syrian veto. Amine Gemayel chaired; Camille Chamoun and Pierre Gemayel spoke for the Lebanese Front, Frangieh, Jumblatt and Karami for the opposition, Saeb Salam for the Sunnis, Adel Osseiran for the Shi'is.
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US aircraft struck Syrian positions on 4 December. Fisk counts one plane brought down, with the pilot dead and the co-pilot taken prisoner (Jesse Jackson obtained his release in January 1984); Hanf counts two planes lost. Hanf also places, without a date, the deaths of eight Marines from Syrian artillery fire in the same episode.
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The New Jersey fired shells, not bombs: one-ton 16-inch rounds, according to Fisk. De Clerck and Malsagne say its rounds often missed, by up to 9,000 metres, and killed civilians; Christians called it 'New Jersa', a new shame.
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On 15 December, after 102 days, the siege of Deir el-Qamar ended. Israel brokered the departure of Samir Geagea's Lebanese Forces and most refugees for East Beirut; the town was left mainly to its elderly.
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Escorted by five French warships, Greek ships including the Odysseus carried Arafat and some 4,000 men from Tripoli to Tunis, the PLO's second evacuation from Lebanon after Beirut in 1982.