59 entries on 55 dates · the books disagree on 11
March 1975
Wednesday, 19 March 1975
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Imam Moussa Sadr remained the spiritual leader of the Shiite community until he was 65 years old.
The Imam was 48 years old. His mandate was extended unanimously by the General assembly of the Superior Shiite Council.
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April 1975
September 1975
Friday, 19 September 1975
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Beirut was the theater of numerous troubles - street fights, plastic bomb attacks, and fires were reported. The downtown, the heart of the old Beirut, was in fire too, and the heart of the Lebanese full of fear. At night, a cease-fire was announced.
What the books addDe Clerck and Malsagne date the start of fighting in central Beirut to the night of 17-18 September 1975; Hanf and Traboulsi hold the Kataeb responsible for shelling the old souks. A cease-fire and the setting-up of the National Dialogue Committee followed.
Other date in the books: Wednesday, 17 September 1975
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November 1975
Wednesday, 19 November 1975
The Lebanese war · Added from the books range
French envoy Maurice Couve de Murville begins a mediation mission.
Giscard d'Estaing's envoy Maurice Couve de Murville was in Beirut on 19-30 November, then Damascus until 2 December. Paris did not call it a mediation (Picard: a fact-finding mission); de Clerck and Malsagne find it made no headway.
Sources differ: Picard calls the mission successful; de Clerck and Malsagne say it achieved nothing notable.
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November 1976
March 1977
Saturday, 19 March 1977
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
An airplane was hijacked between Turkey and Lebanon.
The operation began 50 minutes after a Boeing 727 on the Diarbakin-Ankara route took off with 182 passengers aboard and 6 crewmembers. Two hijackers forced the airplane to head towards Beirut where it landed at 4pm. The Lebanese authorities took charge of the situation and began negotiations with the hijackers. Ultimately, the passengers were released and the police arrested the hijackers.
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June 1977
October 1977
Wednesday, 19 October 1977
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
A sensational hold up took place in the Kantari sector. Gangsters attacked a customs wagon and seized a 2 810 000 LP booty.
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
In order to deal with the economic recession caused by the two-year crisis and the unbearable increase of the cost of living, the government decided to help both employers and salaried. He raised the minimum wage to 415 LP and granted facilities to the employers.
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November 1977
Saturday, 19 November 1977
The Lebanese war · Added from the books range
Sadat's visit to Jerusalem overturns alliances in Lebanon (context).
Sadat was in Jerusalem from 19 to 21 November and spoke to the Knesset; he had said on 9 November that he was willing to go. Historians see the Lebanese camps realigning from then on: Syria, left isolated, moved towards the PLO, whose fighters resumed operations from the south, and the Lebanese Front looked to Israel. Hanf concludes that Egypt's peace made war in Lebanon inevitable.
Sources differ: Traboulsi gives 19-21 November; Hanf gives the arrival on 19 November.
Other date in the books: Wednesday, 9 November 1977
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March 1978
Sunday, 19 March 1978
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The Security council adopted the 425 Resolution which stipulated the expedition of 4,000 blue helmets to confirm the withdrawal of the Israeli forces. They had also to assist the Lebanese government in the restoration of its authority in the region.
What the books addResolution 425 was adopted with Resolution 426, which set up the force; the USSR abstained (de Clerck and Malsagne). UNIFIL later numbered about 6,000 soldiers, with France providing the largest first contingent (1,290 men).
Other date in the books: Saturday, 18 March 1978
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April 1978
Wednesday, 19 April 1978
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The Hoss government, formed in December of 1976, resigned. El Hoss himself was soon asked, on April 28, to form the new government.
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Haddad's militia attacks UNIFIL headquarters at Naqoura.
Eight UN soldiers, six Irish and two Dutch, were wounded when mortar, RPG and heavy machine-gun fire hit UNIFIL's Naqoura headquarters, inside Haddad's enclave, at midnight. Israel ordered Haddad to end the siege only once the UN asked it.
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September 1978
Tuesday, 19 September 1978
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
In Lebanon strikes multiplied.
In East Beirut, a strike was organized to protest against the presence of the 'Green Helmets', while in West Beirut protests were against the mysterious disappearance of Imama Moussa Sadr. Christian leaders did not want to renew the Arab Strike Force's mandate unless it was done under new conditions.
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January 1979
Friday, 19 January 1979
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The Israeli army launched a triple air, ground and sea operation against Arnoun, Aichieh and the costal region. These events caused 16 dead, 12 injured and 25 prisoners.
Concurrently, the Security Council renewed the UNIFL mandate until Beirut elaborated a program re-establishing its authority in Southern Lebanon.
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December 1979
Wednesday, 19 December 1979
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
An ongoing manifestation in Tripoli went out of control. The demonstrators protesting against the increase of the cost of living, vandalized Tripoli's seraglio and molested the Mohafez of Northern Lebanon. The administrations and public services clerks in Tripoli decided to stop working for 3 days.
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May 1980
June 1980
Thursday, 19 June 1980
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The first official exams since the beginning of the war were held as usual.
We are far from the excessive cheating reported last year. However, the Minister of National Education had to cancel the Baccalaureate exams in South Lebanon because of the chaotic atmosphere that was prevailing.
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August 1980
Tuesday, 19 August 1980
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
An Israeli raid targeted the region of Arnoun.
Violent confrontations opposed Palestinian Progressive 'common forces' and 60 Israeli soldiers backed by helicopters. The 'common forces' reported 25 dead and 30 injured, while Israelis reported 20 victims. The next day, a double Israeli raid targeted Nabatyeh.
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January 1981
February 1981
December 1981
January 1982
June 1982
Saturday, 19 June 1982
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
A pause in the bombing of West Beirut sets off an exodus towards the east.
When heavy bombing ceased at dawn, West Beirut residents crowded east through the Museum crossing, the only one open, past Israeli and Lebanese Forces checks; southern-suburb refugees, Palestinian and Shi'i, occupied empty buildings around Hamra.
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July 1982
Monday, 19 July 1982
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
While Beirut was still under blockade, sporadic confrontations opposed the Israelis and the Palestinians, and innocent victims continued to fall. The President of the AUB, David Dodge, was kidnapped in the middle of the campus.
What the books addDavid Dodge was the acting president of AUB. Two gunmen in a car seized him on the campus; he was held for a year, taken to Iran, and released with Syrian help (Fisk).
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August 1982
October 1982
Tuesday, 19 October 1982
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
After the triumphal welcome he received in New York and at the United Nation, President Gemayel realized some progress during his meetings with the U.S. President Ronald Reagan, towards a permanent resolution of the Lebanese crisis.
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March 1983
Saturday, 19 March 1983
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Israeli jeeps attempt to push into the Marines' positions by Beirut airport.
Israeli fire nearly hit several Marines when soldiers in two Israeli jeeps tried to enter the Marine lines. Washington then ordered regular Marine meetings with Israeli liaison officers, from which Shi'i militiamen concluded the Americans were feeding Israel intelligence.
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July 1983
Tuesday, 19 July 1983
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Gemayel, accompanied by the Prime Minister and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, began an eight-day official visit to the United States where he met with President Reagan. The meetings were centered on the withdrawal of all foreign troops from Lebanon.
What the books addIsrael's announcement on 20 July of an early pull-out from the Chouf mountains, made while Gemayel was in Washington, alarmed Western ambassadors in Beirut (Fisk).
Other date in the books: Wednesday, 20 July 1983
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September 1983
Monday, 19 September 1983
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The American warships pounded the anti-governmental forces in the mountain confirming the American support to the legal authority.
What the books addFrom 19 September the destroyer John Rodgers, then the cruiser Virginia, shelled Druze positions at Souk el-Gharb. Washington cited US personnel's safety; Fisk and Hanf see entry into the civil war. Only the frigate Bowen had fired before, on 8 September, at a Druze battery hitting the Marine compound.
Other date in the books: Sunday, 18 September 1983
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April 1984
Thursday, 19 April 1984
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
An agreement was signed during the new Assad-Gemayel summit in Damascus. It included the following points: forming a national union government, consolidating of the cease-fire, and reorganizing the Army.
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January 1985
Saturday, 19 January 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Armed confrontations and artillery duels on the axes Kfarchima-Choueifat and Aitate-Souk El Gharb, extended to the residential areas. Four persons were killed and seven others wounded by shells that fell on the regions of Beit-Mery, Bsous, Ain Saadeh and their surroundings.
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March 1985
Tuesday, 19 March 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
A second round of fights between the Lebanese Forces, the Army, and the local militias killed 7 persons and injured 30 others East of Saida.
What the books addOver 20,000 Sunnis fled Sidon after the 12 March revolt, as Lebanese Forces units east of the city, reinforced from the north, shelled its Muslim districts, Ain al-Hilweh camp and army posts near Mieh-Mieh. Nasserites, Palestinians and largely Sunni army units united against them (Hanf, Fisk).
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August 1985
Monday, 19 August 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Death was moving around in West Beirut. Two car bombs exploded at Caracol-Druze and Ghobeireh within half-an-hour, resulting in 29 dead and a hundred injured. Several Christians were kidnapped on various crossing points right after the explosions.
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October 1985
Saturday, 19 October 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Gemayel went to New York to plead the Lebanese cause at the UN. He affirmed that 'the internal conflict in Lebanon is resolved', and invited the United Nations to help the Lebanese resolve the external aspect of the war. President Gemayel emphasized the necessity of distinguishing the Lebanese issue from the Middle East issue. He met, among others, with De Cuellar and Shultz.
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November 1985
Tuesday, 19 November 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
For the first time since 1982, a duel between Israeli and Syrian airplanes took place in the Lebanese sky. Two Syrian Migs were shot down. The Syrians decided after this incident to install Sam-2 ground-air missiles on the Syrian-Lebanese border.
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April 1986
Saturday, 19 April 1986
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The Maronite Church had a new Patriarch in the person of Mgr Nasrallah Sfeir. A triple task was waiting for him. He had to reinstate the authority of the church, clean up the inter-religious relations, and reconcile the executive power with Syria.
What the books addHanf dates Sfeir's election to April 1986 and notes that the Lebanese Forces had lobbied for a more hard-line churchman.
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July 1986
Saturday, 19 July 1986
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
A killing attempt was perpetrated against a bus transporting AUB students and employees from West to East Beirut. Four dead including three students and five wounded including two doctors were reported. This massacre constituted a challenge to the pacification plan.
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August 1986
December 1986
Friday, 19 December 1986
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Violent combats opposed in Tripoli the Syrian Army to Islamist militiamen. The fights made 12 dead and 35 injuries. The Syrian Army launched an Islamists hunting at the end of which one of the major leaders of the Islamic Unification Movement was arrested.
What the books addPicard puts the toll of the December 1986 Syrian bombardment of Tripoli at more than 100 dead.
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March 1987
May 1987
June 1987
Friday, 19 June 1987
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The price of fuel goes up from 190 LBP to 290 LBP for 20 litres while the gas demijohn goes up from 110 LBP to 155 LBP. The index of livelihood cost has increased by 82,8 % since January.
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August 1987
Wednesday, 19 August 1987
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The Interim Finance Minister arbitrates a meeting of explanation between the Association of Banks and the Bank of Lebanon. This meeting results in a freezing of the application of the circular 739 (that forces private banks to block 93% of their deposits by the Central Bank).
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October 1987
July 1989
Wednesday, 19 July 1989
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
France dispatches a carrier, a frigate and a landing-craft transport towards Lebanon.
Mitterrand presented the deployment as humanitarian rather than military, while declaring that Lebanon's threatened independence must be defended. The sources Hanf cites disagree on whether it deterred Syria. The carrier was the Foch.
Sources differ: Fisk: France kept sending warships towards the coast and recalling them before they came into view (pdf:542).
Other date in the books: Saturday, 15 July 1989
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October 1990
Friday, 19 October 1990
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
While Hraoui and Assad examine the developments following Aoun's departure, the Lebanese Army takes in charge the positions of Amal and Hezbollah in Chiyah.
Other date in the books: Saturday, 13 October 1990
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December 1990
Wednesday, 19 December 1990
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Hoss resigns and Omar Karame is designated Prime Minster. His task is to put together a New Government of National Union.
What the books addHanf: Omar Karami was asked on 20 December 1990 to form a government after Hoss quit on the 19th; Hrawi had settled its make-up with the Syrians in Damascus on 15 December, excluding Hoss and Speaker Husseini.
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July 2005
Tuesday, 19 July 2005
Since 2005 · From the books
Siniora's government takes office, with Hezbollah ministers for the first time.
Hezbollah ministers sat in a Lebanese cabinet for the first time, beside a majority from the former opposition. Siniora went on to head governments until November 2009.
Sources differ: Most sources say July (Confluences 19 July, Picard July); Abirached's chronology has 30 June, perhaps Siniora's designation, which the same book's narrative puts at the end of June.
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July 2006
Wednesday, 19 July 2006
July 2006, as the books tell it · From the books range
UN agencies and international NGOs arrive; 'humanitarian corridors' disappoint.
Raymond describes local associations proving more effective than the international agencies, which were slowed by heavy UN procedures and later mostly admitted as much. When UN agencies and international NGOs arrived, between the war's second and third weeks, there were hopes of supplies despite the blockade and of protected 'humanitarian corridors', but protection came only in part.
Reports at the time: The archive traces the corridor idea to Chirac's call of 19 July. Israel agreed to a corridor on 21-22 July; on 23 July aid was still stuck in Syria; the first WFP convoy got to Tyre on 26 July.
The reports of that day, as they came in
July 2006, as the books tell it · From the books
First ground clash at the Shaked outpost above Maroun al-Ras.
On 19 July Walid Jumblatt made any ceasefire conditional on the state deciding on war and peace. Avivim, a moshav under fire from Maroun al-Ras, had nearly emptied; a Maglan team heading for the nearby Shaked hill found a Hezbollah bunker, and two of its soldiers died in the fighting.
Reports at the time: The archive places much of the 19 July fighting at Aitaroun and has Hezbollah claiming six Israeli soldiers killed against Israel's two.
The reports of that day, as they came in
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August 2006
Saturday, 19 August 2006
July 2006, as the books tell it · From the books
Israeli commando raid at Boudai, a breach of the cessation of hostilities.
Israel's second attempt to seize Sheikh Yazbeck came on the night of 18-19 August, when a commando raided Boudai, 20 km from Baalbek, where he was thought to be. The raid failed, costing the unit one officer killed and two soldiers wounded, and the UN called it a 'violation' of the cessation of hostilities.
The reports of that day, as they came in
Since 2005 · From the books
Israeli commando raid at Boudai, near Baalbek.
According to the UN, the Israeli raid on Hezbollah breached the cessation of hostilities.
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September 2007
Wednesday, 19 September 2007
Since 2005 · From the books
Kataeb MP Antoine Ghanem is assassinated.
A car bomb killed him and several others.
Sources differ: 19 September (de Clerck & Malsagne) against 18 September (Quéméner).
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October 2012
Friday, 19 October 2012
Since 2005 · From the books
Intelligence chief Wissam al-Hassan is assassinated.
Seven people died along with Wissam al-Hassan, head of ISF intelligence and an investigator of Hariri's assassination, in a Beirut car bombing.
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November 2013
Tuesday, 19 November 2013
Since 2005 · From the books
Double suicide attack on the Iranian embassy in Bir Hassan.
The Iranian cultural attaché was among the dead. Responsibility was claimed by the Abdallah Azzam Brigades, an al-Qaeda-linked group that objected to Hezbollah fighting in Syria.
Sources differ: 23 dead (de Clerck & Malsagne) against nearly 30 (Quéméner).
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February 2014
Wednesday, 19 February 2014
Since 2005 · From the books
Bombing at the Iranian cultural centre in Haret Hreik kills six.
The bomb targeted the Iranian cultural centre in Haret Hreik.
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March 2016
Saturday, 19 March 2016
Since 2005 · From the books
Beirut's rubbish is finally collected and taken to new landfills.
Quéméner notes that one of the two new landfills had been sited too near Beirut's international airport.
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August 2017
Saturday, 19 August 2017
Since 2005 · From the books
The army launches operation 'Fajr al-Jurud' against the Islamic State on the eastern border.
On President Aoun's orders the army moved against Islamic State and al-Nusra fighters holding the arid hills of Ras Baalbek and al-Qaa, while Hezbollah attacked al-Nusra from the Syrian side, a rare tacit cooperation. The jihadists held out for several days before surrendering, and a truce let the survivors and their families go to eastern Syria.
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