64 entries on 56 dates · the books disagree on 16
July 1975
Wednesday, 9 July 1975
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Zahleh's bishop approves arming the town.
Arms for Zahleh's young fighters got Bishop Yuhanna Bassul's go-ahead at a meeting with the Tajammu and Elias Hraoui, deputy and minister. The author sees him thereafter as the town's main decision-maker, backed by notables like Skaf and Hraoui.
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January 1976
Friday, 9 January 1976
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
The siege of Damour begins.
The Red Cross could not reach Damour to evacuate its wounded, and water, power and supplies were cut: Palestinian and leftist forces besieged the mainly Maronite coastal town of some 20,000 south of Beirut.
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April 1976
Friday, 9 April 1976
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Parliament amends the constitution to allow an early presidential election.
With Syria enforcing a truce, deputies changed Article 73 of the constitution so that Frangieh's successor could be elected up to six months before his term ended, not two.
Sources differ: Hanf gives 9 April, Yara El Khoury 10 April.
Other date in the books: Saturday, 10 April 1976
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Syrian forces enter the Bekaa; Saiqa moves to relieve besieged Zahleh.
Syrian army tanks appeared at Anjar, Judaydat Yabus and Bayadir al-Adas, inside Lebanon, while Saiqa fighters came in and began to relieve besieged Zahleh. When Jumblatt asked, Dean Brown said the Syrians were clearing roads.
Sources differ: The original entry 62 dates the Syrian entry into the Bekaa to 10 April.
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June 1976
Wednesday, 9 June 1976
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
The Arab League decides to send an Arab peace force.
Meeting in Cairo, the Arab League Council appealed for a ceasefire and voted to deploy an Arab peace force. That day an official Tass statement openly condemned Syria's intervention.
Sources differ: Traboulsi and Picard's Liban-Syrie call this force the ADF; Hanf distinguishes it from the Arab Deterrent Force created at Riyadh in October.
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November 1976
Tuesday, 9 November 1976
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Elias Sarkis appointed Colonel Ahmad Hajj commander of the Arab Strike Force.
What the books addMénargues names only Sami al-Khatib. Traboulsi confirms that the Arab Deterrent Force's first Lebanese commander was Ahmad al-Hajj, who did not gain Syria's favour and was quickly replaced by al-Khatib.
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Phase 1of the peace plan assigned to the Arab Strike Force takes effect tonight.
The 'Green Helmets' began their deployment at midnight and headed towards the mountain on four simultaneous axes. This positioning was difficult due to the blind bombings of the residential districts of Beirut.
What the books addFisk: Kahhaleh showed white flags and Hazmiyeh's Christians threw rice and rose water at the crews as at least 20 miles of Syrian tanks, guns and troop carriers came down on Beirut from dawn on 10 November.
Other date in the books: Wednesday, 10 November 1976
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December 1976
Thursday, 9 December 1976
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Sarkis asked Salim El Hoss to form the Government.
The new Cabinet included: Salim El Hoss: Prime Minister, Minister of Economy and Trade, Industry and Oil, and Information. Fouad Boutros: Vice-President of the Council, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants, and National Defense. Salah Salman: Minister of Interior, and Housing and Cooperatives. Ibrahim Cheaito: Minister of Health and Hydraulic and Electric Resources. Amine Bizri: Minister of Public Works, Transportation, and Tourism. Michel Doumit: Minister of Plan Assaad Risk: Minster of Social Affairs, National Education and Fine Arts, and Agriculture. Farid Raphael: Minister of Justice, Finance, and Posts and Telecommunications.
What the books addIts members were technocrats and businessmen; the one politician, Fouad Boutros, held both foreign affairs and defence (Traboulsi). Early on, at Syria's behest, it brought in press censorship (Hanf, Fisk); Traboulsi also mentions an order for militias to surrender their arms.
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August 1977
October 1977
Sunday, 9 October 1977
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Charbel Makhlouf was proclaimed Saint of the Catholic Church during a moving religious ceremony that Pope Paul VI presided in the Saint Paul Basilica in the Vatican. Thousands of people attended the ceremony, including some miraculous Lebanese. It was a touching moment for the whole Christian community in Lebanon. The Lebanese Maronite delegation carried gifts to the Saint: markouk bred, wine, fruits from the Kesrouan, a partridge and a cedar. The hermit of Annaya became the first Orient Saint canonized by Rome.
What the books addOnce canonised, Saint Charbel stood for 'Maronite identity' and for the protection of a predominantly Christian Lebanon.
Art and memory- memorial Canonised in 1977, Saint Charbel turned into an emblem of 'Maronite identity' and of Christian Lebanon's protection.
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November 1977
Wednesday, 9 November 1977
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Israel launched an assault in the South. An air and sea Israeli bombing of Lebanese towns and Palestinian camps claimed the lives of 110 civilians. The town of Ezzieh was razed.
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May 1979
Wednesday, 9 May 1979
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Elias Sarkis urged the United Nations and the Arabs to assume their responsibilities. The chief of the State violently condemned the repeated Israeli aggressions against Lebanon qualifying them of flagrant challenge to human principles.
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August 1979
February 1980
Saturday, 9 February 1980
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Bahige Takieddine, Minister of Interior and Tourism, and deputy of the Chouf, died from a heart attack.
The Presidency of the Republic ordered national funerals and three days of mourning. Bahige Takieddine was born in 1909 in Baakline in the Chouf. He studied at the French Lycée then went to the Law School at Saint Joseph University. He was minister several times since 1974.
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March 1980
April 1980
Wednesday, 9 April 1980
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The Council of Ministers raised the wages in the private sector by 29%. The ceiling of the raise was fixed at 625 Lebanese Pound, while the floor of the raise was fixed at 150 Lebanese pounds. The minimum salary increased therefore from 525 to 675 Lebanese Pounds.
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July 1980
August 1980
Saturday, 9 August 1980
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
President Takieddine Solh announced that he will suspend his efforts to form a new Cabinet. 'It is still not possible to put together a government of active forces,' he said.
What the books addMénargues attributes Solh's failure to a Syrian veto.
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November 1980
December 1980
Tuesday, 9 December 1980
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Michel Aoun is proposed for the Beirut front-line command.
Seeking closer militia–army cooperation, Zahi Boustani proposed Lieutenant-Colonel Michel Aoun to Johnny Abdo to command the sector along Beirut's demarcation line, from the port to Kfarchima. Abdo, who rated Aoun poorly, said a formal appointment must wait until mid-January and the return of the army commander, whose signature was required.
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January 1981
Friday, 9 January 1981
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
A new phase of the war started in Lebanon: the war of televisions. The 'Lebanese Forces' wanted to broadcast under the name 'Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation' and the Mourabitun seemed to be willing to give them hard time. As a result, they both emitted on the same channel and thus jammed the image.
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April 1981
Thursday, 9 April 1981
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
For the first time in Zahleh since the beginning of the confrontations, the Red Cross was able to evacuate 19 persons seriously injured.
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
US envoy Morris Draper in Beirut.
State Department envoy Morris Draper saw President Sarkis and Prime Minister Wazzan, then Bashir Gemayel, whom he told that the militias must leave Zahleh; he asked whether Bashir would accept the Lebanese Army there.
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May 1981
Saturday, 9 May 1981
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Both sectors in Beirut witnessed a day of terror. Blind bombardments caused 21 dead and 98 wounded. The shelling reached Jounieh, Bkerkeh, and Beit Mery.
What the books addFor 8 May, a day of shelling throughout Habib's meetings, Ménargues gives the US embassy toll: 21 dead and 98 wounded.
Other date in the books: Friday, 8 May 1981
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June 1981
May 1982
June 1982
Wednesday, 9 June 1982
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
A gigantic air battle took place over the Bekaa. The Israelis were 10 kilometers away from Beirut.
What the books addOn 9 June Israeli aircraft destroyed the Syrian SAM missile batteries in the Bekaa and fought a long air battle with Syrian MiGs. Figures: 22 MiGs downed and 19 batteries destroyed that day (Ménargues); more than 80 planes and all missile batteries lost in five days (Picard). The same evening Israeli paratroopers took Damour, on the coast south of Beirut.
Other dates in the books: Tuesday, 8 June 1982, Thursday, 10 June 1982
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July 1982
Friday, 9 July 1982
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
While Beirut and its suburbs were severely bombed, Damascus refused to receive the Fedayin.
What the books addIn Ménargues, Damascus unofficially signalled no objection to transit through Latakia on 7 July, then officially refused the fighters on 9 July, the day Israeli troops took the Beit Eddine army barracks.
Other date in the books: Wednesday, 7 July 1982
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
The Israeli army takes over the Lebanese army barracks at Beit Eddine.
Israeli troops ousted the 150 Lebanese soldiers from the Beit Eddine barracks at dawn, beginning a plan, made with the LF, to station an LF unit there and disarm some Druze villages.
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October 1982
Saturday, 9 October 1982
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The situation in the capital was back to its normal course of action, since the policemen were addressing citations to drivers, the campaign against squatters was intensified, and the confiscation of weapons continued.
What the books addHistorians describe this 'return to normal' as harsh for West Beirut. The army's first task was to evict squatters, most of them refugees from the south, and street hawkers, with no rehousing (Hanf). Police backed by bulldozers razed shanty areas in Ouzai and Raml al-Ali and fired on protesting residents (Traboulsi). Fisk describes arrests of anyone without valid papers on 3 October, when thousands of troops sealed off a whole district. Hundreds of Palestinians and Lebanese Muslims seized in these weeks disappeared.
Other dates in the books: Tuesday, 21 September 1982, Sunday, 3 October 1982
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December 1982
March 1983
Wednesday, 9 March 1983
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
At the summit of New Delhi, President Amine Gemayel pleaded Lebanon's cause in front of 95 nations. He declared that Lebanon pursued a triple objective in the negotiations: preserve the national consensus, safeguard the State's sovereignty, and maintain the country's credibility among the Arabs.
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May 1983
September 1983
Friday, 9 September 1983
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Massacre of Christians at Ma'asir al-Chouf.
Ma'asir al-Chouf's Druze had promised their Christian neighbours no harm; then sixty-four Christians, the priest and babies and children among them, were killed there and their bodies disappeared.
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January 1984
Monday, 9 January 1984
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
An anti-French killing attempt at the Résidence des Pins killed a paratrooper and wounded two others. Attacks against US and French troops of the Multinational Force continued until their departure in March.
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
The New Jersey shells pro-Syrian positions after Syrian and Druze guns fire at US planes.
The battleship New Jersey shelled pro-Syrian positions in response to an attack on American reconnaissance aircraft by Soviet-supplied Syrian and Druze anti-aircraft batteries.
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February 1984
July 1984
October 1984
Tuesday, 9 October 1984
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Rachid Karameh delivered a speech at the General Assembly of the United Nations, in which he insisted on the necessity of the withdrawal of Israeli troops from Lebanon. The Prime Minister reiterated his government's attachment to the application of all the resolutions of the Security Council, calling for an unconditional Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon. Nevertheless, the American President Ronald Reagan refused to meet with Karameh, for lack of time as he said.
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Walid Joumblatt announced in Beirut the birth of a new coalition, the 'National Democratic Front', grouping, besides the PSP, the Communist Party, the Baas, the Syrian Nationalist Party, and the Arab Socialist Union.
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Fouad Abou Nader is elected commander of the Lebanese Forces.
On 9 October the Lebanese Forces elected the President's candidate, Fouad Abou Nader, Amine Gemayel's nephew and Pierre Gemayel's grandson; it was seen as a Kataeb win. The 'intifada' of 12 March 1985 ousted him.
Sources differ: Ménargues says Gemayel removed Fadi Frem in October 1984; that agrees on the month.
Other date in the books: Tuesday, 12 March 1985
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March 1985
Saturday, 9 March 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Thanks to Syria's intervention, opposition ministers Berri and Joumblatt met in Bickfaya with Presidents Gemayel and Karameh. The smoothing of the relations led to a promise of a cooling down on the Souk El Gharb front. During the meeting, the bombs were continuing to fall on Hazmieh and Achrafieh and kidnappings of innocent civilians were still taking place on various crossing roads in Beirut.
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April 1985
Tuesday, 9 April 1985
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Sana' Muhaydli drives a car bomb into Israeli soldiers near Jezzine.
Sana' Muhaydli, an SSNP member from the Tyre region, carried out a car-bomb attack on Israeli soldiers at Batir, near Jezzine, killing two. Known as the 'bride of the South', she is regarded as Lebanon's first woman 'martyr'.
Art and memory- memorial Sana' Muhaydli, the 'bride of the South', is known as Lebanon's first woman 'martyr'; Amal women killed confronting Israeli troops or the SLA in 1982-1985 are honoured yearly.
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May 1985
Thursday, 9 May 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The executive committee of the Lebanese Forces elected Elie Hobeika president and Samir Geagea chief of staff.
What the books addDates differ: 9 May (de Clerck and Malsagne), 12 May (Hanf, who describes a meeting of the LF command council after Geagea had signed a declaration of loyalty to state institutions), 9 September (Traboulsi). Geagea kept the post of chief of staff.
Other dates in the books: Tuesday, 12 March 1985, Sunday, 12 May 1985, Saturday, 28 December 1985
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June 1985
Sunday, 9 June 1985
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Thomas Sutherland, acting dean at the AUB, is kidnapped.
Islamic Jihad claimed the kidnapping of Thomas Sutherland, 54, AUB's acting dean of agriculture.
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July 1985
Tuesday, 9 July 1985
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
An agreement between all Moslem leaders was concluded in Damascus to pacify West Beirut, while fights were raging in Tripoli.
What the books addSyria sent ceasefire 'observers' to West Beirut in 1985, its first presence there since 1982: June according to Picard, August according to Hanf.
The Lebanese war · Added from the books
Two suicide car bombs hit South Lebanon Army checkpoints.
On the same day Khaled Azrak and Ibtissam Harb, an SSNP member, drove cars into SLA checkpoints. Azrak's attack near Hasbaya killed 15: civilians and at least two SLA militiamen. Harb's farewell video was broadcast four hours after her death.
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March 1986
Sunday, 9 March 1986
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The black series continued. Terrorism hit this time Jeetaoui where a car bomb killed 3 persons and wounded 40 others.
Four French journalists from Antenne 2 were kidnapped in Bir El Abed.
What the books addDe Clerck and Malsagne date the kidnapping of the Antenne 2 crew to 8 March 1986. It was claimed by the "Revolutionary Justice Organisation".
Other date in the books: Saturday, 8 March 1986
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April 1986
Wednesday, 9 April 1986
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
A French teacher from the Collge Protestant Franais, Michel Brian, was kidnapped in Hamra, thus increasing the number of French nationals held hostages in Lebanon to 9.
Mgr Achille Silvestrini, the special envoy of Pope John Paul II, arrived in Lebanon to meet Lebanese and Syrian leaders, in an effort to end the crisis in the country. He left on April 14 after having partially failed in his mission.
What the books addDe Clerck and Malsagne date Mgr Silvestrini's mission to March 1986 and consider that it overreached, showing the limits of Vatican influence.
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May 1986
Friday, 9 May 1986
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
The opening of the airport of Halate caused discontent in the country. A few minutes after President Gemayel's airplane landed in Halate coming from a three-day trip in Tunisia, the airport was severely bombed.
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August 1987
Sunday, 9 August 1987
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Lebanon reunites around the national funerals of President Camille Chamoun.
What the books addDe Clerck and Malsagne note that the funeral at Deir al-Qamar, in the Chouf, could not have taken place without Walid Jumblatt's collaboration.
Art and memory- place De Clerck and Malsagne cite the Deir al-Qamar funerals of Camille Chamoun and, in 1990, of his son Dany as examples of truce and cooperation between rival leaders, made possible by Walid Jumblatt.
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August 1988
November 1988
Wednesday, 9 November 1988
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Adel Osseirane names General Sami Khatib, former Chief of the Arab Strike Force, Chief Commander of the Army.
What the books addDe Clerck (p. 283) dates the appointment to 10 November and says Hoss made it; Hanf (p. 571) says early November. On 12 November Aoun's cabinet referred al-Khatib to the military court.
Other date in the books: Thursday, 10 November 1988
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February 1989
Thursday, 9 February 1989
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
Anouar Fatayri, high official of the Progressive Socialist Party and his bodyguard Mohammed Saïd Abou Mehdi are assassinated in an ambush at the entry of the Jahlieh village in the Chouf.
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October 1989
February 1990
Friday, 9 February 1990
The Lebanese war · 111101 entry in the original chronology
New dividing lines appeared in the Eastern region and the medias war raged. Hospitals suffered from a serious penury and the Lebanese continued to flee by thousands. That week, 417 were killed and 1,655 wounded.
What the books addTotals for the whole army-Lebanese Forces war differ. De Clerck and Malsagne count over 1,500 victims, fighters and civilians, and say the first three weeks claimed more than the six months of the 1989 war against Syria; the army alone lost 21 officers and 221 soldiers, about 100,000 people moved elsewhere in Lebanon and close to 200,000 went abroad. Hanf estimates about 1,000 dead and 3,500 wounded; Picard 1,000 dead and 3,000 wounded for January-July; Fisk 'well over a thousand' dead in Beirut from end January to end May.
Other date in the books: Wednesday, 31 January 1990
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January 1991
Wednesday, 9 January 1991
After the war · From the books
Parliament votes confidence in Omar Karami's cabinet of former warlords.
Karami's thirty-minister cabinet, formed on 24 December 1990, won thirty-four votes of the forty deputies attending. Its policy statement took up the whole Taif agenda: militias dissolved, Syrian treaties, the displaced home, rebuilding. Seven militia leaders, Berri, Jumblatt, Geagea and Hobeika included, were ministers of state.
Other date in the books: Monday, 24 December 1990
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March 1991
Saturday, 9 March 1991
After the war · From the books
The army occupies the Beirut headquarters of the main militias.
Soldiers took over the Amal, Hezbollah, PSP and Lebanese Forces headquarters and seized weapons stockpiles in East and West Beirut.
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August 2000
Wednesday, 9 August 2000
After the war · From the books
A thousand soldiers and police enter the former occupied zone.
International pressure, tying reconstruction aid to the state's presence, brought five hundred troops and five hundred internal security men. Hezbollah remained the real authority in the area.
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September 2004
October 2004
Saturday, 9 October 2004
After the war · From the books
Bashar al-Assad derides the charge that Syria invaded Lebanon in 1976.
Assad asked Lebanon's Christians, and Resolution 1559's sponsors, the US and France, where they were when Lebanese were massacred. Haugbolle reads him as calling the war internal and Syria its rescuer.
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August 2006
Wednesday, 9 August 2006
July 2006, as the books tell it · From the books
Israel's cabinet approves the offensive to the Litani; Chirac warns against 'immorality'.
On 9 August Jacques Chirac called it immoral not to try everything to stop the fighting. Israel's cabinet backed the army's plan for a large push towards the Litani by nine votes, with three abstentions, but left its timing to the prime minister and defence minister.
The reports of that day, as they came in
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November 2009
Monday, 9 November 2009
Since 2005 · From the books
Saad Hariri forms a national unity government.
It took five months after the elections for Hariri to form a cabinet.
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January 2025
Thursday, 9 January 2025
Since 2005 · From the books
Army commander Joseph Aoun is elected President.
His election ended more than two years of vacancy. De Clerck & Malsagne call him Washington's preferred candidate.
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