lebanese war
chronology
1975/1990
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October 25, 1975saturday
50 000 Lebanese demonstrated against violence in Lebanon, in response to the call launched by Cherif Akhaoui, the radio journalist famous for his security bulletins.

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Haugbolle notes widespread protests on National Day in November 1975; Hanf places the war's first demonstration in that month, when gunmen held fire until tens of thousands from East and West Beirut, summoned by television announcer Sharif Akhawi, had gone home.

May 25, 1976tuesday
Raymond Eddeh fell into an ambush between Nahr Ibrahim and Antelias. The Amid's car was riddled with over a hundred projectiles but he got away with only an injured leg.

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De Clerck and Malsagne record three attempts on Raymond Eddé's life, one outside his home, before his voluntary exile in Paris from January 1977; Picard dates the exile to December 1976.

September 25, 1976saturday
Prime Minister, Rachid Karameh, presented to the President, the resignation of his government.

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July 25, 1977monday
An agreement was signed in Chtaura.
The technical four-party committee decided unanimously the following: -Approving the two plans of action for the execution of the Cairo agreement. -Entrusting the regular Lebanese forces and the Arab Strike Force with the supervision of their execution in all regions, including Southern Lebanon. -Starting the execution of the two plans of action on July 30, no armed elements will be allowed to circulate outside the camps. -Withdrawal of the Palestinian forces up to 15 kilometers north of the borderline with Israel.

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Syria, Hanf writes, had lost interest in disarming the Palestinians by autumn 1977, with Sadat's initiative under way, and the deal soon counted for nothing. It had bound the PLO to keep out of a ten-kilometre belt beside the Israeli frontier and, chiefly, to halt raids and shelling across it.

September 25, 1977sunday
Following efforts deployed by the American government in Tel Aviv, a cease-fire came into effect in Southern Lebanon. During the past few days, fights reached their maximum intensity especially in the Khyam region.

\_this day in full the books also date it 26 September 1977 \_on this day

\_what the books add

Israel's Christian allies emerged with a slightly wider strip, spanning nearly the whole frontier from sea to Hermon; Fisk dates the tank withdrawal to 26 September.

January 25, 1978wednesday
The Parliament extended its mandate until the first of June 1980.

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February 25, 1978saturday
It is the first night, at the Casino du Liban theater, of the ' Akhwat Loubnan ' show written and interpreted by Nabih Aboulhosn.

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October 25, 1979thursday
The Lebanese government who had just launched a wide offensive against barratry and smuggling, adopted serious measures to insure the supervision of the coasts and to prevent pirate cargos from accosting in the clandestine ports.

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January 25, 1980friday
Fights opposed the Phalange Party and the NLP in Ehmej and Annaya. The road leading to Jbeil was closed. An acute crisis erupted between the two parties.

\_this day in full the books also date it 12 May 1979 \_on this day

\_what the books add

One of many clashes between Kataeb and National Liberal militiamen: de Clerck and Malsagne count 46, with 200 dead, from 1976 to 1980, the latest wave running from 12 May 1979 to 2 July 1980 and reaching Achrafieh early in 1980. Ménargues traces the tension of early 1980 partly to disputes over dividing the arms Israel supplied.

January 25, 1982monday
The Syndicate of Fishermen in Tyr launched a symbolic 24-hour strike in protest against recurring Israeli aggressions against fishermen.

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February 25, 1982thursday
1000 additional 'blue helmets' joined the UNIFL battalion.

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May 25, 1982tuesday
Israelis fighters shoot two Syrian Migs over the Kesrouan. The two pilots were handed in to the Arab Strike Force.

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June 25, 1982friday
A savage bombardment of Beirut caused tens of victims. Simultaneously, a violent battle was raging close to Aley.

\_this day in full the books also date it 24 June 1982 \_on this day

January 25, 1983tuesday
France granted more than 100 millions of French Francs as a back up for Hôtel-Dieu. The hospital was facing great financial difficulties.

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November 25, 1983friday
A Syrian-Saudi agreement was reached in Damascus for the evacuation of Palestinians from Tripoli.

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March 25, 1984sunday
It was the French contingent's turn to leave Beirut while the Eastern regions remained the target of blind and murderous bombardments.

\_this day in full the books also date it 31 March 1984 \_on this day

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Hanf and de Clerck and Malsagne date the departure of the last French MNF soldiers to 31 March 1984; 25 March may mark the start of the French withdrawal, which the books do not mention. France left soldiers in Beirut as ceasefire observers.

July 25, 1984wednesday
In Tripoli, a violent battle opposed Islamists from Sheikh Said Chaabane's Islamic Unification Movement to the Arab Democratic Party's Red Knights. A deluge of metal and fire hit the capital of the North. These fights killed 15 persons and injured 60 others.

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Hanf calls the Arab Democratic Party militia the 'Pink Panthers'; de Clerck and Malsagne call the pro-Syrian militia of Jabal Mohsen the 'Red Knights' (Cavaliers rouges), as here.

July 25, 1984wednesday
The local authorities decided to close an Israeli liaison bureau located in Dbayeh, the last link between the two countries.

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November 25, 1984sunday
The Army took control of Beirut, where 6000 soldiers deployed in the capital but without really controlling the situation.

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September 25, 1986thursday
The UNIFL Blue Helmets repositioned themselves; they occupied three out of the 32 positions they were initially occupying.

\_this day in full the books also date it 23 September 1986 \_on this day

October 25, 1986saturday
The Camps War opposing Amal to the Palestinians spread to Saida.

\_this day in full the books also date it 24 November 1986 \_on this day

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De Clerck and Malsagne begin the third camps war in late September 1986 with fighting around Rashidiyeh near Tyre; Hanf dates Amal's siege of Rashidieh to October.

November 25, 1986tuesday
The armed conflict between Amal and the Palestinians spread to Maghdoucheh. Ferocious combats took place in this Christian strategic town. Ultimately, it fell partially in the hands of Palestinians and its residents were forced to flee from their homes.

\_this day in full the books also date it 24 November 1986 \_on this day

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Hanf: the PLO took Maghdousheh on 24 November, lost it to Amal on the 25th and retook it on the 26th. De Clerck and Malsagne say the aim was to forestall an attack on Ain el-Helweh; Amal answered by besieging the southern camps and pressing the Beirut ones harder.

January 25, 1988monday
While hail falls on most of the country causing important damages, police patrols go round bakeries that are reducing the 2 kilos 'rabta' of bread, sold regularly at 65 LBP., to 1700grs.

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November 25, 1988friday
West Beirut was the stage of a fresh outbreak of combats between Amal militiamen and the Hezbollah, despite the Syrian army presence.

\_this day in full the books also date it 28 November 1988 \_on this day

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Picard dates this round to 28 November 1988, Hanf to early December.

February 25, 1990sunday
The Baroness, a civilian ship transporting passengers from Cyprus to the Eastern regions, is attacked resulting in 1 death and 25 injured. The attackers remain unidentified and the liaison between Jounieh and Larnaca is temporarily interrupted.

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October 25, 1990thursday
The Lebanese Army starts to clear the Nahr-el-Kalb tunnel.

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