Since 2005, 2005–2025 by year · by dates · timeline
Start from 2005 2022 May 2022 Sunday, 15 May 2022 From the books
Parliamentary elections; some civil-society candidates win seats. A few candidates from civil society broke through.
In the list of 2022 › 15 May
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 15 mai 2022 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Parliamentary elections in which some civil-society candidates broke through.
July 2022 summer 2022 From the books
Covid-19 has killed more than 10,400 people in Lebanon. The pandemic struck a country already hit by the financial collapse and the port explosion.
In the list of 2022 › Jul month
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne à l'été 2022 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 25
By summer 2022 more than 10,400 people in Lebanon had died of Covid-19.
October 2022 Thursday, 27 October 2022 From the books
Maritime border agreement with Israel. The delimitation opened the way to gas exploration in the Mediterranean.
In the list of 2022 › 27 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 27 octobre 2022 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Maritime delimitation agreement with Israel allowing gas exploration.
Monday, 31 October 2022 From the books
Michel Aoun's term ends: a new presidential vacancy. The presidency fell vacant: backers of a pro-American candidate and allies of Hezbollah's 'axis of resistance' could not agree.
In the list of 2022 › 31 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 31 octobre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
End of Michel Aoun's mandate; presidential vacancy.
de Clerck & Malsagne fin du mandat de Michel Aoun en octobre 2022 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 24
No agreement to elect a consensual president since October 2022.
de Clerck & Malsagne fin octobre 2022 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 22
Lebanon without a president since the end of October 2022.
2023 February 2023 February 2023 From the books
Earthquakes add to Lebanon's misfortunes. A series of earthquakes added to the country's misfortunes.
In the list of 2023 › Feb month
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne En février 2023 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 25
Lebanon was also shaken by earthquakes in February 2023, on top of its other crises.
October 2023 Sunday, 8 October 2023 From the books
Hezbollah opens a 'support front' with Gaza on the southern border. A day after Hamas attacked Israel, Hezbollah opened a 'support front' under the 'unity of the battlefields' doctrine, to be suspended if Gaza won a ceasefire. Tacit rules of engagement held for eleven months, but southern villagers still had to flee.
In the list of 2023 › 8 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 8 octobre 2023 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 25
From 8 October 2023 Hezbollah ran a 'support front' for Gaza; for eleven months both sides kept cross-border strikes within unwritten 'rules of engagement'.
de Clerck & Malsagne 2023-2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 26
The clashes forced inhabitants of South Lebanon to flee their villages.
2024 July 2024 Tuesday, 30 July 2024 From the books
Israel kills a senior Hezbollah commander in Beirut. The strike, the first escalation, killed many bystanders, children among them.
In the list of 2024 › 30 Jul
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 30 juillet 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 26
The killing of a senior Hezbollah figure in Beirut on 30 July 2024 also hit many bystanders, children among them.
September 2024 September-November 2024 From the books
Bombing damages Lebanon's heritage: Baalbek, Tyre, Nabatieh. Israeli strikes razed whole villages in the South and Bekaa and damaged or destroyed heritage sites. Among those de Clerck and Malsagne describe as UNESCO-listed are Baalbek's Roman temple, Tyre's Roman remains and hippodrome, the temple of Douris, Tebnine's crusader fort and the Chamaa shrine; other landmarks hit include the Ottoman Manshiyya house in Baalbek, Nabatieh's old souk and the Palmyra Hotel.
Art and memory place De Clerck and Malsagne list sites of Lebanon's long past damaged or destroyed in 2024, among them Baalbek's Roman temple and Palmyra Hotel, Tyre's hippodrome, Tebnine fort and Nabatieh's old souk.In the list of 2024 › Sep month
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne Septembre, octobre et novembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Heavy bombardment in autumn 2024 hit the South, Dahiyeh, the Bekaa and UNESCO sites like Baalbek, Tyre, Sidon and Nabatieh.
de Clerck & Malsagne 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 28
Damaged heritage in 2024: at Baalbek the Roman temple, the Ottoman Manshiyya house and the Palmyra Hotel; Tyre's Roman site and hippodrome; the Douris temple; Tebnine's Crusader fort; the Chamaa shrine; Nabatieh's old souk.
de Clerck & Malsagne 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 27
Whole villages of the South and the Bekaa razed.
Tuesday, 3 September 2024 From the books
Former central bank governor Riad Salameh is arrested. The former central bank governor, accused of a key role in the financial crisis, was arrested; the arrest divided defenders acting from communal loyalty and citizens seeking their rights.
In the list of 2024 › 3 Sep
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 3 septembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 468
The arrest of Riad Salameh, ex-central bank governor accused of a key role in the financial crisis, pitted his communal defenders against citizens seeking redress.
Tuesday, 17 September 2024 From the books
Hezbollah's pagers and walkie-talkies explode across Lebanon (17-18 September). Pagers and walkie-talkies carried by Hezbollah members were detonated simultaneously by remote control, killing and wounding many, numerous civilians among them. Other Lebanese went blind too, because an international embargo on corneal grafts followed and blocked urgent transplants.
In the list of 2024 › 17 Sep
The books disagree
Chronology (p. 579): at least 11 dead, 4,000 wounded; introduction (p. 26): 37 dead, several thousand wounded. The lower toll may cover only the first day.
de Clerck & Malsagne 17-18 septembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Hezbollah's communication devices blew up on 17-18 September 2024, killing at least 11 people and wounding 4,000.
de Clerck & Malsagne Les 17 et 18 septembre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 26
Remotely detonated pagers and walkie-talkies, aimed at Hezbollah members on 17-18 September 2024, killed 37 and wounded several thousand, many civilians; an international ban on corneal grafts followed.
Monday, 23 September 2024 From the books
Israel launches operation 'Northern Arrows': 558 killed in one day. Israel's 'Northern Arrows' began with strikes on the South, the Bekaa and Beirut's southern suburb; 558 died on 23 September, Lebanon's deadliest day in recent history.
In the list of 2024 › 23 Sep
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 23 septembre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Start of Israel's operation 'Northern Arrows' (bombing of Lebanon).
de Clerck & Malsagne 23 septembre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 26
Israeli bombing killed 558 people on 23 September 2024, the highest one-day toll in Lebanon's recent history.
de Clerck & Malsagne à partir du 23 septembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 466
Violent bombing of 'Northern Arrows' from 23 September 2024.
Friday, 27 September 2024 From the books
Hassan Nasrallah is killed in massive Israeli strikes on the southern suburb. Bunker-buster raids on Beirut's southern suburb killed Hassan Nasrallah and much of Hezbollah's command. De Clerck and Malsagne say Netanyahu gave the order in New York while France's Emmanuel Macron was pressing for a truce.
In the list of 2024 › 27 Sep
Monday, 30 September 2024 From the books
Israel invades South Lebanon by land. This was the fourth Israeli ground invasion, after 1978, 1982 and 2006.
In the list of 2024 › 30 Sep
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 30 septembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Israeli ground invasion of Lebanon.
de Clerck & Malsagne 30 septembre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 27
On 30 September 2024 Israeli ground forces entered South Lebanon, the fourth such invasion after 1978, 1982 and 2006.
October 2024 Tuesday, 1 October 2024 From the books
Iran fires some 200 missiles at Israel after Nasrallah's killing. Iran's strike answered the killings of Hassan Nasrallah and of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh, the latter in Tehran on 31 July. Israel bombed Iran on 26 October, leaving Lebanon caught between the two.
In the list of 2024 › 1 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 1er octobre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 28
Answering the killings of Nasrallah and of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh, Iran fired about 200 missiles at Israel on 1 October 2024.
de Clerck & Malsagne 26 octobre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 29
Israel struck Iran on 26 October 2024, and Lebanon became a main arena of the Iranian–Israeli rivalry.
Thursday, 3 October 2024 From the books
Hashem Safieddine, expected to succeed Nasrallah, is killed. Hashem Safieddine had been expected to succeed Hassan Nasrallah at the head of Hezbollah.
In the list of 2024 › 3 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 3 octobre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 579
Assassination of Sheikh Hashem Safieddine, who was to replace Nasrallah.
Tuesday, 8 October 2024 From the books
Netanyahu calls on the Lebanese to rise against Hezbollah. He warned that Lebanon would suffer Gaza's fate if they did nothing.
In the list of 2024 › 8 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 8 octobre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 22
On 8 October 2024 Netanyahu urged the Lebanese to turn on Hezbollah or face devastation like Gaza's.
Thursday, 24 October 2024 From the books
Paris conference pledges aid to Lebanon. The World Bank put the damage at $8.5 billion in November; the donors had pledged $800 million of humanitarian aid and $200 million for the army.
In the list of 2024 › 24 Oct
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 24 octobre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 31
Pledges at the 24 October 2024 Paris conference came to $800 million in humanitarian aid and $200 million for the army; the World Bank put the damage at $8.5 billion in November 2024.
November 2024 Wednesday, 27 November 2024 From the books
Ceasefire between Lebanon and Israel; the displaced return at once. Under the ceasefire Hezbollah was to pull back north of the Litani and the Lebanese army to deploy south of it, while Israel had sixty days to leave the South. It took effect two months to the day after Nasrallah's killing. Nearly a million displaced went home at once, though Israel breached the truce from day one. De Clerck and Malsagne count about 3,400 dead in the 66-day war, about 4,000 counting from 8 October 2023.
In the list of 2024 › 27 Nov
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 27 novembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 580
With the ceasefire, displaced people flocked back to the South, the Bekaa and Dahiyeh; Israel breached it that same day.
de Clerck & Malsagne 27 novembre de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 27
The 27 November 2024 ceasefire allowed 60 days for withdrawal. By 28 November the 66-day war had killed about 3,400, plus some 600 from 8 October 2023 to 16 September 2024; over 16,500 were wounded.
de Clerck & Malsagne 2023-2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 28
Nearly 400,000 Syrian refugees and 200,000 Lebanese Shiites crossed into Syria in 2023-2024, 30,000 of them continuing to Iraq; 1,200,000 Lebanese were displaced at home.
de Clerck & Malsagne dès l'annonce d'un cessez-le-feu de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 34
Nearly a million displaced returned home immediately.
de Clerck & Malsagne 27 novembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 24
The war and the ceasefire precipitated the presidential election.
December 2024 Sunday, 8 December 2024 From the books
The Assad regime falls in Syria. Israel at once took Mount Hermon's Syrian slopes and the remainder of the Syrian Golan. In Lebanon, joy at the regime's fall mingled with war hatreds revived by the freeing of prisoners from Syrian jails, and families hoping to find missing relatives alive were disappointed. Some Syrians went home; others fled into Lebanon fearing Islamist reprisals.
In the list of 2024 › 8 Dec
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 8 décembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 580
Fall of the Bashar al-Assad regime in Syria.
de Clerck & Malsagne 8 décembre 2024 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 29
Bashar al-Assad's regime fell abruptly on 8 December 2024, and Israel at once moved into the rest of the Golan.
de Clerck & Malsagne the next day de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 30
Israel occupied Quneitra and the Syrian side of Mount Hermon.
de Clerck & Malsagne after the fall de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 33
Fear of Islamist reprisals drove Shiites of Sayyida Zaynab in Damascus, and some Alawites, Christians and Ismailis, into Lebanon, even as many Syrians wanted to go home.
de Clerck & Malsagne fin du régime de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 471
Release of detainees revived hatreds; families of the disappeared were disappointed.
2025 January 2025 Thursday, 9 January 2025 From the books
Army commander Joseph Aoun is elected President. His election ended more than two years of vacancy. De Clerck & Malsagne call him Washington's preferred candidate.
In the list of 2025 › 9 Jan
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 9 janvier 2025 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 580
Joseph Aoun, the army commander, became president on 9 January 2025, filling a post vacant for over two years.
de Clerck & Malsagne 9 janvier de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 24
Election of army chief Joseph Aoun, Washington's favoured candidate.
Monday, 13 January 2025 From the books
Nawaf Salam is designated Prime Minister. Named prime minister, the ICJ president Nawaf Salam was tasked with putting together a cabinet.
In the list of 2025 › 13 Jan
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 13 janvier 2025 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 580
Designation of Nawaf Salam, president of the ICJ, as Prime Minister.
de Clerck & Malsagne 13 janvier de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 24
Nomination of Prime Minister Nawaf Salam to form a government.
Sunday, 26 January 2025 From the books
Israeli troops stay in the South past the deadline; 22 civilians killed. After the sixty-day period, Israeli troops remained in South Lebanon and 22 Lebanese civilians were killed. De Clerck and Malsagne's chronology ends with this entry.
In the list of 2025 › 26 Jan
What the books say
de Clerck & Malsagne 26 janvier 2025 de Clerck & Malsagne 2025, p. 580
Israeli forces stayed in South Lebanon after the ceasefire period ended on 26 January 2025, killing 22 Lebanese civilians.
Load more End of the chronology.
